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A systematic review of research on women’s education and fertility in China: implications for addressing demographic changes
This systematic literature review investigates the nexus between
women’s education and fertility in mainland China. It seeks to
contribute to the global knowledge base about gender,
education and fertility by mapping the knowledge production
from the Chinese society. This study systematically reviewed 23
eligible articles that were published in peer-reviewed Englishlanguage
journals between 2000 and 2023. These empirical
studies examined the relationship between women’s education
and fertility in mainland China. This review unravels the impacts
of various social, cultural, economic, political and policy factors,
such as traditional gender roles and household registration
system (hukou) that shape the relationship between women’s
educational attainment and fertility. Five overarching themes
emerged: urban-rural disparity and migrants’ fertility intention;
impact of demographic status and intergenerational support;
traditional perceptions of fertility and gender; career prospect
and work-life balance; couple dynamics and women’s
empowerment. Relevant Chinese-language articles were
incorporated to complement the findings from English-language
studies, providing a more comprehensive picture of Chinese
scholarly perspectives and contributing to the global body of
knowledge. The implications for addressing demographic
changes and directions for future studies are discussed.
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